National Parks

About Tanzania

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About Tanzania

Full name: United Republic of Tanzania

Population: 47.6 million (UN, 2012)

Capital: Dodoma (official), Dar es Salaam (commercial)

Largest city: Dar es Salaam

Area: 945,087 sq km (364,900 sq miles)

Major languages: English, Swahili

Major religions: Christianity, Islam

Life expectancy: 58 years (men), 60 years (women) (UN)

Monetary unit: 1 Tanzanian shilling = 100 cents

Main exports: Gold, sisal, cloves, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, minerals, tobacco

GNI per capita: US $540 (World Bank, 2011)

Internet domain: .tz

International dialing code: +255

Politics: Tanzania has enjoyed stability. Multi-party politics was introduced in 1992

Economy: Annual growth rate has averaged 6.7% since 2006, one of the best in sub-Sahara Africa. Power supplies are erratic and fall short of demand. Gold earnings have been rising, and the find of a major offshore gas field is promising

International: Tanzania hosts thousands of refugees from conflict in the neighboring Great Lakes region

Environment: Experts fear a planned highway threatens the Serengeti game park,

Tanzania's biggest draw for tourism. Poaching is a major issue

TOURISM PROFILE

With an area about four times the size of the United Kingdom, Tanzania's tourism industry has immense potential. Natural attractions including spectacular scenery, historical and archaeological sites (for example, the Olduvai Gorge and other sites where traces of the earliest man were discovered), abound. Parks teem with wildlife; there are unpolluted beaches, and the rich cultures of the 120 ethnic groups.

The southern and northern highlands boast a number of impressive mountain ranges, typically rising 500m to 1,000m above their surroundings. Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount Meru in the northeast are ancient volcanoes rising to 5,895m and 4,500m respectively. The Relief is characterized by Equatorial to Arctic vegetation (passing through near tropical rainforest, savannah grassland, semi-arid to arid, semi-desert, temperate, moorland, and alpine desert to the permanent snows of Mt. Kilimanjaro.

The coastline is over 804km long with the nearby Islands of Unguja (also known as Zanzibar), Pemba and Mafia. The Islands offer an array of natural, cultural, historical and archeological attractions. Other natural resources are Lake Victoria, the world's second largest lake and the source of the Nile. In the many game parks and reserves, wildlife roam about free.

The wildlife resources are among the finest in the world. They include, in the north the Serengeti plains, the Ngorongoro Crater, Mount Kilimanjaro, and Lake Manyara. In the south, the Selous Game Reserve, Mikumi, Ruaha, Gombe Stream, Mahale Mountains and Katavi national parks, and Ugalla Complex.

Currently, Serengeti, Ngorongoro Crater, the Olduvai Gorge, Kilimanjaro Mountain, Lake Manyara, and other sites commonly known as Tanzania's Northern Circuit constitute the country's most popular tourist attractions.

Other tourist attractions include the white sandy beaches north of Dar es Salaam and around Lindi in the south, the exotic "Spice Islands" of Unguja and Pemba, and the excellent deep-sea fishing area at Mafia Island. Along the Indian Ocean coast are the remains of the ancient settlements. Tanzania also offers interesting arts and crafts, most notably the Makonde sculptures and carvings crested in ebony.

Geography

Tanzania, a land of spectacular beauty, and one of the largest countries in Africa, is a union (formed in 1964) between the mainland (Tanganyika), and the Zanzibar Isles consisting of Unguja (also known as Zanzibar) and Pemba. It lies on the east coast of Africa, between 1degree and 11degrees south of the Equator. It is bordered to the north by Kenya and Uganda. To the west is Zaire, Rwanda, Burundi and Zambia, and to the south are Malawi and Mozambique. It covers an area of 945,000 sq. km, the size of Denmark, France, the Netherlands, the Republic of Ireland, and the United Kingdom combined.

Tanzania comprises coastal lowland, volcanic highlands and the Great Rift Valley and includes within its territory, Africa’s highest mountain

Tanzania is the only country in the world which has allocated at least 25 per cent of its total area to wildlife and conservation of nature. The total protected area is equivalent to the size of the Federal Republic of Germany and Belgium combined. The 55,000 sq. km Seleous Game Reserve, the largest single wildlife area in Africa, is bigger than Belgium, Costa Rica, Denmark, Burundi, Israel, Lesotho and Kuwait respectively.

Climate

Tropical weather prevails over most of Tanzania. The coastal area is hot and humid. In the northern circuit cool weather prevails from May to September. The hottest months for the whole country are from October to February. The long rains are from March to May, and the short rains from October to November. Coastal areas and the islands have tropical climate, whereas the central plateau is semi-arid and the highlands are semi-temperature.

The People

The evocative mix of people and cultures in Tanzania creates a tapestry of memories for the visitor.

Since the dawn of mankind, when the savannahs of east and southern Africa saw the birth of humanity, Tanzania has been home to countless peoples of many different origins. Tanzania's history has been influenced by a procession of peoples, from the original Bantu settlers from south and West Africa to the Arabs from Shiraz in Persia and the Oman; from the Portuguese to the Germans and the British. Tanzanians took control of their own destiny with independence in 1961.

It has a population of over 26 million with 120 African ethnic groups, none of which represent more than 10 per cent of the population. The Sukuma, the largest group, live in the north-western part of the country, south of Lake Victoria. They are fairly commercial oriented and have prospered with a mix of cotton farming and cattle herding.

The Hadzapi of northern Tanzania have built a society based on hunting and gathering food, while the Iraqw live in the central highlands of Mbulu and are known for their statuesque, immobile posture and sharply delineated features. They grow their own food and tend cattle.

The Masaai, who are perhaps the most well-known of East Africa's ethnic groups, are pastoralists whose livelihood and culture is based on the rearing of cattle, which are used to determine social status and wealth. They dominate northern Tanzania but only occupy a fraction of their former grazing grounds in the north, much of which they now share with national parks and other protected areas. They are easily recognized by their single red or blue garments and their ochre covered bodies.

North of the Masaai steppe, on the slopes of Kilimanjaro, live the Chagga, who farm the mountain side. Through cooperative farming they have achieved a fair standard of living.

The Gogo live near Dodoma and have developed slowly due to lack of water. The formerly warlike Hehe live in Iringa District's highland grasses.

The Makonde are internationally famous for their intricate wood (ebony) carvings (sold over much of East Africa). They live along the coast on the Makonde plateau and their relative isolation has resulted in a high degree of ethnic self-awareness.

The Nyamwezi, whose name translates into "People of the Moon", were probably so called because of their location in the west. The Nyamwezi, now cultivators, were once great traders. The 19th century European explorers regarded them the most powerful group in the interior.

The Haya, located along the shores of Lake Victoria to the north-west of the Nyamwezi, grew and traded coffee long before the arrival of the Europeans and today have established tea and coffee processing plants. Haya women produce excellent handicrafts.

In an area of forest and bush live the Ha who retain a deep belief in the mystical. They live in relative solitude with their long-horned cattle and wearing hides or fibres of bark. They are well known for their artistic expression, especially their dances and celebrations.

Tanzanians will tell you that the reason for the relative harmony between the various ethnic groups is that virtually everyone speak Swahili in addition to their native tongue.

Education

Only 50 per cent of the children attend primary schools, and just four per cent the fee-paying secondary schools. However, adult literacy campaigns have achieved high levels of literacy.

Health

Basic medical care is provided by the state and private (mainly Christian) health centers. Rural areas are served by local clinics.

Economy

The economy is still suffering from slow growth and a shortage of foreign exchange, and agriculture, in particular, from poor availability of credit and equipment. However, coffee, cotton, sisal, tea and diamonds are in rich supply and Zanzibar is the world's third largest producer of cloves. State reforms have cut inflation and the budget deficit, bringing a rise in inward investment and a return to positive growth.

Wealth

The majority of Tanzanians are subsistence farmers. The small wealthy elite are composed mainly of Asian and Arab business families.

Communications

Almost half a million travellers pass through Dar-es-Salaam International airport annually. An $870 million programme to improve the country's trunk roads is due for completion this year.

Politics

Former President Julius Nyerere's philosophy of Ujamaa (African Socialism) guided Tanzania's development for 21 years until he retired in 1980. His successor, Ali Hassan Mwinyi, oversaw a relaxation of these policies and moved the country towards its first multiparty elections last year. The new Union President is Benjamin Mkapa, a former journalist. The non-acceptance by some Zanzibaris of their union with Tanganyika is still a problem and separatism is a growing force.

World Affairs

Tanzania plays a role in both eastern and southern Africa and is an active member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), established in 1992 to promote economic integration.

Foreign Aid

Tanzania is heavily dependent on aid receipts of over $1 billion annually to offset a severe balance of payments deficit.

Defense

Defense takes 15 per cent of the country's budget. The armed forces are closely linked to the ruling Revolutionary Party of Tanzania (CCM), and there is an 85,000-strong citizens' reserve force.

Resources

More than 90 per cent of the energy demand is met by wood and charcoal, but hydroelectric projects are now producing 70 per cent of the electricity. To reduce the need for expensive oil imports, there are plans to exploit offshore gas at Songo Songo. Oil deposits have also been discovered off Pemba Island.

Agriculture

Including livestock, agriculture accounts for 60 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) and 80 per cent of employment and exports.

Minerals

Include natural gas, oil, iron, diamonds, gold, salt, phosphates, coal, gypsum, kaolin and tin.

Media

The daily press is state-owned but censorship is minimal. Much of the independent press publishes in Kiswahili. The English language Daily News is available in Dar-es-Salam and other main towns. Kenya's Daily Nation and The East African are available in Dar-es-Salam, Arusha and Mwanza. Time and Newsweek, and several European and American papers can be found at stalls on Uhuru Avenue in Dar-es-Salam.

Crime

Crime levels are low and Tanzania's record on human rights is good.

About Uganda

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Uganda: The Pearl of Africa, a country with vast natural scenery and a rich mosaic of tribes and cultures. While in Uganda you will be captivated by its profound beauty, friendliness of its people and intrigued by all that Uganda has to offer.
Location

Uganda lies astride the Equator in Eastern Africa between longitudes 29 ½° East and 35° East and between latitudes 4 ½° North and ½° South, at an average altitude of 1,100 meters above sea- level. The total area is 236,580sq.Km.

We are bordered by the Republic of South Sudan to the North, the Republic of Kenya to the East, the Democratic Republic of Congo to the West, Tanzania and the Republic of Rwanda to the South.

Overview

Ecologically, Uganda is where the East African savannah meets the West African jungle” inter tropical convergence zone”. In this uniquely lush destination you can observe lions prowling the open plains in the morning and track chimpanzees through the rainforest in the same afternoon, then the next day navigate tropical channels teeming with hippos and crocodiles before setting off into the misty mountains to visit the majestic mountain gorillas? Uganda is the only safari destination whose range of forest primates is as impressive as its selection of plain antelopes. Besides the wide biodiversity, Uganda is also blessed with a vast bird population of more than 1,000 species.

People and Culture

Situated at the geographical heart of the African continent, Uganda has long been a cultural melting pot, as evidenced by the existence of 30-plus different indigenous languages belonging to five distinct linguistic groups, and an equally diverse cultural mosaic of music, art and handicrafts. The country’s most ancient inhabitants, confined to the hilly southwest, are the Batwa and Bambuti Pygmies, relics of the hunter-gatherer cultures that once occupied much of East Africa to leave behind a rich legacy of rock paintings, such as at the Nyero Rock Shelter near Kumi.

Central Region

The central region is dominated by the Bantu group specifically the Baganda.The Buganda monarchy presents one of the best documentations of kingship in Uganda. The head of state is the King locally known as Kabaka. The current king of Buganda, His Highness Ronald Mutebi II was crowned the 36th Kabaka of Buganda in 1993 after his father Sir Edward Mutesa II died in exile.

The kingdom also constitutes a Parliament (Lukiiko), comprising mainly of elderly heads of its 52 clans. Other people, who occupy important positions in the kingdom, include the Queen (Nabagereka), the Prime Minister (Katikiiro), the royal sister (Nalinya) and the Queen Mother (Namasole).

Livelihood

Traditionally, a man could marry five wives or more provided he could cater for them. It was easier to become polygamous in Buganda than in other parts of Uganda because the bride wealth obligations we're not prohibitive unlike formerly when marriage used to be conducted by parents, for instance where the father of the girl could choose for her a husband without availing her any alternatives.

Traditional Dances

Buganda is renowned for her distinct ceremonial occasions organized for observance, commemoration, inauguration, remembrance or fulfillment of cultural rituals and norms. Some of the common (highly recognized) ceremonies in Buganda include; the initiation of twins (okwalula abalongo), the introduction (okwanjula) and last funeral rite (okwabya olumbe).

Dining

Matooke (bananas of the plantain type) is a popular local dish among the Baganda. It’s peeled, tied in banana leaves and put in a cooking pan with enough water to steam the leaves. Later on, the bundle is removed and squeezed to get a smooth soft and golden yellow mash. The Banana leaves are used to keep it hot and steamy.

Eastern Region

The eastern region is another diverse area comprised of a number of different tribal groups including; Bagisu, Basamia/Bagwe, Basoga, Bagwere, Iteso, Japadhola, and the Sebei among others.Apart from other groups, the Basoga present a distinctive kingship in eastern Uganda with their King locally known as Kyabazinga.

Marrige and Family Life

In this region as well as the rest of the country, dowries are highly valued and are usually in form of cattle, sheep and goats. The amount paid is negotiated among the parents of the new couple to be. The higher the dowry, the more valued is the bride, although this does not necessary guarantee the success of the marriage.

Ceremonies

Tamenhaibunga; this kind of dance is practiced by the Basoga tribe. Tamenhaibunga literally means “good friends drink together but they do not fight each other lest they break the guard (eibuga) that contains the drink." The guard is symbolically used to express the value and fragility of love and friendship. Other dances in Busoga include Nalufuka, a much faster and youthful version of of Tamenhaibuga; Eirongo, a slower dance performance to cerebrate the birth of twins; Amayebe, which builds physical stamina, especially for men; Enswezi, used to communicate to super naturals and Ekigwo for wrestlers.

Dining

Kamaleewa: These are tender bamboo shoots which are a delicacy among the Bagisu. Usually, after harvest, these shoots are first boiled and later on sundried before cooking.

Others include; Atapa, Akaro and Sundried fish.

Northern

The northern region is also a melting pot of quite a number of tribes including; Acholi, Langi, Alur, Kakwa, and Lugbara among others.

This region comprises of the Acholi and Langi in the north, Alur, Lugbara and Madi in west Nile region. Like most of the regions, Langi and Acholi regions predominantly depend on agriculture as their economic activity, with millet and sorghum serving as staple foods.

Marriage and Family life

Traditionally, a young man depends upon his lineage head and elders both for permission to marry and for the material goods required for bride wealth; elders of the bride’s lineage were also much involved in the discussions and negotiations surrounding the marriage.

Ceremonies

Naleyo dance is performed by the Karimajongs where women line up and men strike their breasts using fingers as they dance. The Karimajongs are a pastor community in the north eastern part of Uganda.

Dining

Akaro: This is made from a combination of sorghum, millet and cassava flourmingled in a proportionate quantity of water.

Malakwang: A sour vegetable usually prepared with groundnut paste to form a typical northern food. Malakwang is best served with sweet potatoes.

Others include; Smoked fish and Ugali.

Western Region

The western region is also rich in tribal culture, it consists of; Bakonjo/Bamba, Batooro, Banyoro, Banyankore, Bakiga, Bafumbira and Bachwezi among others.

Kingship

The Batooro and Banyoro have a centralized system of government headed by the Omukama. Initially, Toro was part of Bunyoro, but later broke away. The first King was Kaboyo Kasusunkwazi the actual founder of the kingdom and currently the kingdom is headed by King Oyo Nyimba Kabamba Iguru Rukidi IV.

Livelihood

Marriage and Family Life

Ankole in the west is the most popular tribe in terms of prestige and population. The King owned all the cattle and theoretically owned all women. Hima fathers were anxious to call attention to their daughters because the King gave generous wedding gifts. Slim girls were unfit for royalty so those girls whom the king found to be of interest to marry one of his sons were force-fed on milk.

Traditional dances

Entogoro: Entogoro is danced by Banyoro and Batooro of western Uganda. The dance takes its name from the pod rattles (locally known as ebinyege) that the boys tie on their legs to make different rhythms as they dance.

Ekitagururo: This is characterized by energetic stamping and tangling rhythms using the feet and aerial arm movements; it is performed by both Banyankole and Bakiga in the south western region.

Dining

Eshabwe: A traditional Banyankole dish comprising of ghee, skimmed from milk. This is usually eaten with Akaro. It's a meal one would certainly get acquainted with on a visit to the western parts of Uganda.

Others include; Akaro and Firinda.

Important Facts and History

Set at the equator, Uganda is made up of four regions (Central, Eastern, Northern and Western) on an area of 236, 580 sq km, with its capital at Kampala.

The country is fortunate to harbour Lake Victoria, the second largest lake in the world forming the source of the Nile, the second largest river in the world.

Population

Approximately 31,367, 972 (2008 est) with a 3.6 percent population growth.

People and culture

Uganda has long been a cultural melting pot, as evidenced by the existence of more than 30 different indigenous languages belonging to five distinct linguistic groups, and an equally diverse cultural mosaic of music, art and handicrafts.

Common Languages

English(Official language)
Kiswahili
Luganda
Runyankole,Rukiga or Rutoro

Religions

Roman catholic (41%)
Anglican (40%)
Islam (5%)
Other beliefs (14%)

Climate

Uganda experiences a temperate climate even though the majority of the country is within the Tropics with temperatures between 16 - 26'C for the majority of the year(April - November). However, during the warmer months (December - March) temperatures reach in excess of 30'C

Governance

The Republic of Uganda is a sovereign democratic state governed by the 1995 Constitution. The President is Head of State and the Executive comprising of 26 government Ministers. Voting qualifications are universal, for those above 18 years of age.

Economic profile and Currency

Consistently ranked among Africa’s fastest growing economies since 1986, Uganda has experienced a steady expansion of infrastructure and a corresponding increase in international investment and tourism.
We use the Ugandan Shilling

Major holidays

New Year's Day - 1 January
NRM Liberation Day - 26 January
Easter Sunday, Good Friday - March - April
Martyrs' Day - 3 June
Heroes Day - 9 June
Independence - 9 October
Christmas Day - 25 December
Boxing Day - 26 December

History

Brief history

The earliest human inhabitants in Uganda were hunter-gathers. Remnants of these people are today to be found among the pygmies in western Uganda. Approximately 2000 to 1500 years ago, Bantu speaking populations from central and western Africa migrated and occupied most of the southern parts of the country. The migrants brought with them agriculture, ironworking skills and new ideas of social and political organization, that by the 15^th - 16^th century resulted in the development of centralized kingdoms, including the kingdoms of Buganda, Bunyoro-Kitara and Ankole.

Colonial Uganda

In 1888, control of the emerging British "sphere of interest" in East Africa was assigned by royal charter to William Mackinnon's Imperial British East Africa Company (IBEACO), an arrangement strengthened in 1890 by an Anglo-German agreement confirming British dominance over Kenya and Uganda. The high cost of occupying the territory caused the company to withdraw in 1893, and its administrative functions were taken over by a British commissioner. In 1894, Uganda was placed under a formal British protectorate.

Early independent Uganda

Britain granted independence to Uganda in 1962, and the first elections were held on 1st March 1961. Benedicto Kiwanuka of the Democratic Party became the first Chief Minister. Uganda became a republic the following year when it gained its independence on 9th October 1962 thus acquiring its Commonwealth membership. Sir Edward Mutweesa II was appointed as the first president..

In succeeding years, supporters of a centralized state vied with those in favor of a loose federation and a strong role for tribally-based local kingdoms. Political maneuvering climaxed in February 1966, when Prime Minister Apollo Milton Obote suspended the constitution and assumed all government powers, removing the positions of president and vice president. In September 1967, a new constitution proclaimed Uganda a republic, gave the president even greater powers, and abolished the traditional kingdoms.

Uganda under Idi Amin Dada

On 25 January 1971, Obote's government was ousted in a military coup led by armed forces commander Idi Amin Dada. Amin declared himself 'president,' dissolved the parliament, and amended the constitution to give himself absolute power.

Idi Amin's eight years’ rule produced economic decline, social disintegration, and massive human rights violations. In 1978, the International Commission of Jurists estimated that more than 100,000 Ugandans had been murdered during Amin's reign of terror; some authorities place the figure as high as 300,000--a statistic cited at the end of the 2006 movie “The Last King of Scotland”, which chronicled part of Amin's dictatorship.

A border altercation involving Ugandan exiles camped close to the Ugandan border of Mutukula resulted in an advance by the Ugandan army into Tanzania. In October 1978, Tanzanian armed forces countered an incursion of Amin's troops into Tanzanian territory. The Tanzanian army, backed by Ugandan exiles waged a war of liberation against Amin's troops and the Libyan soldiers sent to help him. On 11 April 1979, Kampala was captured, and Amin fled with his remaining forces.

Uganda between 1979 - 1986

After Amin's removal, the Uganda National Liberation Front formed an interim government with Yusuf Lule as president and Jeremiah Lucas Opira as the Secretary General of the UNLF and created a quasi-parliamentary organ known as the National Consultative Commission (NCC). The NCC and the Lule cabinet reflected widely differing political views. In June 1979, following a dispute over the extent of presidential powers, the NCC replaced Lule with Godfrey Binaisa. In a continuing dispute over the powers of the interim presidency, Binaisa was removed in May 1980. Thereafter, Uganda was ruled by a military commission chaired by Paulo Muwanga. The December 1980 elections returned the UPC to power under the leadership of President Milton Obote, with Muwanga serving as vice president. Under Obote, the security forces had one of the world's worst human rights records. In their efforts to stamp out an insurgency led by Yoweri Museveni's National Resistance Army (NRA), they laid waste to a substantial section of the country, especially in the Luwero area north of Kampala.

Post Liberation war (1986 - 2000)

Negotiations between the Okello government and the NRA were conducted in Nairobi in the fall of 1985, with Kenyan President Daniel Arap Moi seeking a cease-fire and a coalition government in Uganda. Although agreeing in late 1985 to a cease-fire, the NRA continued fighting, and seized Kampala and the country in late January 1986, forcing Okello's forces to flee north into Sudan. Museveni's forces organized a government with Museveni as president.

Since assuming power, the government dominated by the political grouping created by Yoweri Kaguta Museveni and his followers, the National Resistance Movement (NRM or the "Movement"), has largely put an end to the human rights abuses of earlier governments, initiated substantial political liberalization and general press freedom, and instituted broad economic reforms after consultation with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and donor governments.

List of Presidents of Uganda since 1962

List of presidents and period in power
President	Period
Sir Edward Mutesa II	1962 - 1966
Apollo Milton Obote (Obote I)	1966 - 1971
Idi Amin Dada	1971 - 1979
Yusuf Kironde Lule	13 April 1979 - 20 June 1979
Godfrey Lukongwa Binaisa	1979 - 1980
Paul Muwanga	12 May 1980 - 22 May 1980
Apollo Milton Obote (Obote II)	1980 - 1985
Tito Okello Lutwa	1985 - 1986
Yoweri Kaguta Museveni	1986 to date

Terms and conditions

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Wilderness African Safaris Ltd carries out business only on the basis of its standard Terms & Conditions.

Liability

Please note that your booking is accepted based on the understanding that you come on the trip entirely at your own risk due to the fact that there are certain dangers inherent to adventure travel. We assume no responsibility whatsoever for any event over which we have no control. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd purchases transportation, game walks, nature walks, hotel accommodations, restaurant services and other services from various independent suppliers that are not subject to its control. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd can therefore not be held liable for any death, personal injury, personal illness, loss or damage to a person or property or other loss that may occur due to any act or omission of any such supplier, or by reason of any other event over which it has no control. Each of these companies are independent corporations with their own management and are not subject to the control of Wilderness African Safaris Ltd. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd is not responsible for acts of nature, fire, acts of governments or other authorities, wars, civil disturbances, riots, terrorist acts, strikes, thefts, pilferage, epidemics, quarantines, dangers, incidents to sea, land and air travel, incidents with wildlife and other similar acts or incidents beyond its ability to control.

Medical information and insurance

Participation on a safari or tour to Africa requires that you are in general good health. All guests must understand that while a high level of fitness is not required, a measure of physical activity is involved in all African safaris and tours. It is a requirement when booking your trip with Wilderness African Safaris Ltd that you arrange personal travel insurance, which is valid and effective. Persons not fit for long trips due to any reasons are advised not to participate in such rigorous travel programs. Reasons like heart disease, chronic illness, physical handicap, advanced pregnancy or mental illness, etc. It is a condition of booking that the sole responsibility lies with the guest to ensure that they carry the correct comprehensive travel and medical insurance to cover themselves, as well as any dependants and traveling companions for the duration of their tour to Africa. This insurance should include coverage in respect of, but not limited to, the following eventualities: cancellation or curtailment of the trip, emergency evacuation expenses, medical expenses, repatriation expenses, damage, theft or loss of personal baggage, money and goods Wilderness African Safaris Ltd, including their representatives, employees and agents will take no responsibility for any costs, losses incurred or suffered by the guest, or guest’s dependants or traveling companions, with regards to, but not limited to, any of the above mentioned eventualities.

Anti-malaria precautions should be taken, and these are the sole responsibility of the client. Any required inoculations must be recorded by the client’s health practitioner on a valid vaccination certificate, which the client must carry in his/her possession throughout the tour. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd will not assume responsibility for the accuracy of any medical information. You should consult your doctor or pharmacist for up to date requirements and personal recommendations. By depositing the advance payment and/or by returning the filled booking form the guest certifies that he/she does not knowingly have any physical or other conditions of disability that would create a risk for him/her or other tour participants.

Booking and payment

The person making any booking with Wilderness African Safaris Ltd, warrants that he or she has authority to enter into a contract on behalf of all other persons included in such a booking and in the event of the failure of any or all of the other persons so included to make payment, the person making the booking shall thereof assume personal liability for the total price of all bookings made by him/her. The person making the booking must understand clearly what is exactly included in the price of the tour and what is not. Upon confirmation of your tour with Wilderness African Safaris Ltd you must email the booking form back to us, which confirms that you agree with our terms and conditions. The advance payment is 30% of the price of the tour, plus 100% for the gorilla permits. The balance payment has to be paid 8 weeks prior to the trip or on arrival in Uganda/Rwanda. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd must receive the full advance- and balance payments as mentioned in the invoice. Any money deducted by the sending- and/or receiving bank must be covered by the client. If for any reason Wilderness African Safaris Ltd receives less than the total sum the client shall have to make another bank transfer to complete the sum, or pay the remainder in cash in US Dollars upon arrival. Payment to our account also confirms that you agree with our terms and conditions.

Cancellation

We use the following cancellation fees for the trip, excluding the gorilla permits:

90 days and above 20% of the tour cost
89 - 60 days 30% of the tour cost
59 - 30 days 40% of the tour cost
29 - 15 days 70% of the tour cost
14 - 0 days 100% of the tour cost

There will be no refund for gorilla permits as this is a direct policy from the Uganda Wildlife Authority / Rwanda Wildlife Authority. However, Wilderness African Safaris Ltd will always try to sell the permits when their clients are not able to do the tracking. It is the customer’s own responsibility to arrange a full insurance with an insurance company.

Airfares and delays

Please note that Wilderness African Safaris Ltd cannot be held liable for any delays or additional costs incurred as a result of airlines not running on schedule. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd is not responsible for any airline schedule or airfare changes, cancellations, overbooking or damage or loss of baggage and property. Any and all claims for any loss or injury suffered on any airline must be made directly with the airline involved and not with Wilderness African Safaris Ltd. Air schedule changes may necessitate additional nights being added to your tour. These schedule changes are beyond the control of Wilderness African Safaris Ltd and any resulting additional costs must be borne by the guest.

Changes of itinerary or accommodations

We will do our very best to provide the holiday arrangements that have been confirmed, but it should be noted that tour operators in Africa may be obliged to occasionally change routes and camps on safaris as dictated by changing conditions such as seasonal rainfall on bush tracks, airfields and in game areas; game migrations from one region to another; airline- or other booking problems, or any other reason, Wilderness African Safaris Ltd shall not be held responsible for such itinerary changes as discussed above. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd shall not be held responsible for a refund either in the whole or part, if any accommodation or excursion is unavailable and a reasonable alternative is found. If the guest is unable to use a service provided in the itinerary, then there are no refunds due.

Wild animals

Going to Africa and on safari may take you into close contact with wild animals. Attacks by wild animals are rare, but no visit to the African wilderness can guarantee that this will not occur. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd cannot be held responsible for any injury or incident during the trip. Most of the safari camps, hotels and lodges are not fenced, so the wildlife does move freely in and around the camps. Always follow the safety instructions from the camp's staff especially with regards to moving to and from your tent, lodge, banda or hotel and while on game activities throughout your trip. Also note that camping during the trip is the client’s own responsibility.

Passports and visa

It is on the guest to ensure that passports and visas are valid for the countries they plan to visit. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd cannot be held liable for any visas and/or passports, which are invalid or not held by the guests, nor for the cost of any passports or visas.

Age restrictions

Please consult with us for the specific age policies at the camps and for the activities on your itinerary. If anyone misrepresents their age, our operators reserve the right to terminate the tour without refund. Wilderness African Safaris Ltd cannot be held responsible for any refund in this situation.

Responsibilities

Trip members have certain responsibilities to Wilderness African Safaris Ltd and to other trip members: trip members are responsible for understanding the conditions implied in our Terms and Conditions and trip itinerary, and selecting a trip which is appropriate to their interests and abilities.

Complaints

If you have cause to complain whilst on holiday you must bring it to the attention of the guide or other local representative who will do their best to rectify the situation. It is unreasonable to take no action whilst on holiday and to complain upon return.

About Us

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We are registered and based in Uganda with vast experience to arrange Holiday Packages to Uganda,Rwanda,Kenya,and Tanzania.From the Kilimanjaro to the lowland Serengeti and Virungas the region is very diverse in nature and only expert like us will give you the best package withing your budget.

Fleet Management policy

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WILDERNESS AFRICA SAFARIS LTD.

FLEET MANAGEMENT POLICY2010

DRAWN BY;

Wilderness Africa Safaris ltd.P.O.BOX 10094.Plot 2815,

Mbogo Police road

A Wadriff Building Kampala.

VISION

To ensure that the Fleet Management policy provides an efficient, safe and most cost-effective service for the supply of transport to the various business areas of the company business undertakings.

MISION

The company fleet consists of 8(eight) vehicles and is expected grow. The drivers who take care of the daily use and basic maintenance of the vehicles are extremely important as it affects the cost, safety and reliability of the fleet operation. Knowledgeable and responsible handling of vehicles at the work site mean less down time, reduced maintenance and less frustration to the clients and all factors contributing to improved efficiencies and increased productivity within the various areas.This manual has been compiled for the specific purpose of establishing a uniform cord of practice and conduct for all drivers and operators of the company’s motorized fleet. The content is directed at promoting knowledge and understanding of the disciplines important to the fleet management services activities with the ultimate aim of attaining optimum productivity and cost effectiveness and eliminating vehicle abuse.Practical application of the guidelines, in conjunction with specific standing orders/policies/instructions issued by the director of operations or supervisor will prolong vehicle service life and minimize vehicle accidents/losses caused through ignorance and/or negligence.The policy and procedure document addresses most aspects of daily vehicle operations. It also includes information on the “professional” driving techniques necessary to develop “above average” competence. Future driver performance standards will be measured in terms of knowledge and practical application of the subject matter.All users of vehicles are required to comply with the contents of this document. Users must also strive to eliminate unnecessary expenses from the fleet maintenance bill. Responsible usage of the fleet, accepted and practiced as a total concept, that is; eliminating vehicle abuse, will serve to produce benefits in terms of increased driver safety and status, reduced stress in the working environment, improved public image and reduced cost burden on the company and its clients.It is therefore imperative that drivers effectively manage vehicle usage so as to attain the objectives of the Policy document.This policy is produced, presented and adopted by the board of directors for usage by all company drivers and employees with immediate effect. In pursuant to the board resolution No.BOD/RES/013 MIN 05/JAN2010 am hereby authorized to sign this policy and bring into force this 9th Day of January 2010

Ismail Onim-giu

Managing Director

SECTION 1: RESPONSIBILITIES OF DRIVERS'

The full co-operation of all employees and clients concerned are required to ensure that the company transport system functions efficiently at all times. All drivers are expected to accept and exercise the responsibilities associated with the operation of vehicles, as described in the policy and procedures.

1.1 USAGE

Company transport is provided strictly for business only and is not to be used for private purposes.When a company vehicle is to be used, the driver must ensure that the trip is duly authorizedAll Company vehicles must be issued with a log book. The driver is required to record all his/her daily trips as duly authorized.

1.2 PUBLIC IMAGE

All company vehicles shall be driven in a SAFE and COURTEOUS manner, which will promote the Company’s PUBLIC IMAGE. Company drivers and vehicle /work teams are constantly in public view. Their behavior shapes the public concept of company efficiency in general.

1.3 CAREFULL HANDLING

Company vehicles shall at all time be driven and handled with proper care and attention, to obtain the best mechanical service and avoid infringements of the law. Any evidence of neglect, rough handling or reckless driving shall be reported to the office Manager concerned and will result in disciplinary action.

1.4 (a) INSPECTION

Pre-drive inspections of vehicles MUST be carried out by drivers on a daily basis.Every driver of a company vehicle must at all times ensure that the vehicle is in a roadworthy condition, failure to which he/she will be responsible for the payment of any traffic fines that may be imposed.The last user of a vehicle will be held responsible for any unreported damage/defects/loss. The onus is therefore on each driver to thoroughly inspect a vehicle prior to acceptance. Any damages/defects found by the driver must be reported.All company vehicles will be inspected periodically by designated staff appointed by the Director operations to ensure that a proper state of cleanliness, repair and efficiency is being maintained by the driver/person responsible for the vehicle.

1.4 (b) DRIVER’S SAFETY

Safe, sober, rested, qualified and knowledgeable driver is crucial for the successful completion of any given assignment.Supervisors are strictly advised to ensure that drivers are rested and alternated when required.A maximum convoy hour of 4 hour constant driving must be followed by at least 30 minutes break to allow for inspection of vehicle and refreshment of Passengers and driver.

1.5 PRE-AND POST-DRIVER ACTIVITIES.

Before a vehicle is driven, the driver must ensure that the following activities have been carried out:Pre-trip activities:Carry out an inspection of the vehicle and complete the Pre-drive Inspection Form as referred to in by;Entering the speedometer reading, distance covered and time taken ensuring every trip undertaken by the driver must appear as a separate entry in the Log BookInspection Forms and Log Book entries must be checked by designated staff and clients’ representative at least once every week.

1.6 SAFETY

All employees must be fully aware that it is a criminal offence to disobey the general safety instructions issued by their employer.Persons guilty of failing to observe safety instructions are liable not only to disciplinary action in terms of the company’s conditions of service, but also to prosecution by the relevant authorities.

1.7 PROFESSIONAL DRIVING PERMITS

Drivers are authorized to only drive the vehicles categories for which they have professional driving permits and for the class of vehicle assigned to them.Drivers must ensure that their Driving Permits are current at all times and are renewed prior to the expiry date.

1.8 RULES

Failure to observe the rules contained herein and any additional instructions issued by the line Manager will render the offending employee liable to disciplinary action.

SECTION 2: PROPER USE OF COMPANY VEHICLES

The following rules must be observed:The most economical, comfortable and safe vehicle suitable for the given purpose must be usedThe vehicle shall only be driven by an appropriately licensed and duly authorized employee on duty.The driver must be licensed in accordance to traffic and road safety act of 1998 for the particular class of vehicle under his/her control.No person shall move, drive or operate any company vehicles unless he/she is fully authorized to do so. The unauthorized use of a vehicle will render the person concerned liable for prosecution in a court of law, over and above any internal disciplinary action.Unauthorized passengers, inclusive of company staff, are not permitted to ride on or inside any company vehicle except for the execution of duties.The driver shall not deviate any vehicle from the designated route to the destination to serve the private interest of the driver or his/her passengers, or in connection with the conveyance, loading or unloading of private proper or goods.The driver shall not utilize any company vehicle for private purpose.

The driver of any vehicle shall not deviate to any unauthorized routes or destinations and shall not enter any unauthorized premises or areas.Drivers are expected to route their vehicles so as to secure maximum operating efficiency at minimum expenses Logbooks with specific details must be kept up to date and inspected by supervisor or designated representatives at least once a week.Any deviation must be investigated so that disciplinary action can be taken against the concerned member.Incidents identified as deviations; must be reported to the Director operation by the supervisor on a monthly basis.The supervisor will co-ordinate the information received and will submit a report to the Director operations for the necessary attention.

SECTION 3: VEHICLE KEYS

Employees in charge of vehicles shall ensure at all times that the ignition, door locks, fuel cap, gear lock and other keys of the vehicle in use are suitably safe guarded against loss or theft.In the event of a vehicle’s keys being lost or misplaced, the driver shall not attempt to open the locking system of the vehicle, but shall obtain assistance from the Management before seeking any help from the relevant external service provider.At no time shall a driver leave his/her vehicle unattended without first switching off the engine and removing the ignition key, engaging the gear lock and removing the key.Vehicle keys will only be replaced on production of a copy of the relevant report. All costs for keys will be for the user’s account.

SECTION 4: DAMAGE, LOSSES AND THEFT

Damages, losses and thefts, other than those arising from accidents are dealt with under this section.An employee who takes over a company vehicle must ensure that any damage or loss is immediately brought to the notice of his/her supervisor in writing. Unless he/she compliance with this instruction, he/she will be deemed to have received the vehicle in good order.Any person found unlawfully removing fuel from a company vehicle or engaged in unauthorized removal or exchange of any component on a company vehicle will be subject to the strictest discipline, as prescribed in the prevailing conditions of service.In the event of losses, thefts or hijackings, the employee operating the vehicle shall immediately report the matter to his/her supervisor, who shall in turn ensure that the incident is dealt with the relevant authorities.In the event of a high jacking or armed robbery, the supervisor concerned must ensure that the affected staff member(s) is/are given the necessary counseling.Any company vehicle may be subjected to a search by security personnel or by any official from the supervisory level.

SECTION 5: SAFE CUSTODY OF COMPANY VEHICLE TRANSPORT

In respect of official vehicles taken home by employees, the policy of safe-keeping of company vehicles at private residences will strictly be enforces. In particular the following should be noted:Specific authority from the supervisor concerned must be obtained before an employee will be permitted to safeguard any official vehicle at a private residence Such vehicle shall be parked on the premises of the employee, preferably in a lockable garage, but in the event of this being impossible, the vehicle shall be kept out of sight of the road users and/or passers-by behind a locked gate/fence.All such vehicles shall be equipped with insurance – approved anti-theft devises (e.g. gear lock and immobilizer). Such devises should be in operations at all times.The driver must ensure that the gear lock is engaged and the key is removed when the vehicle is not in use.The driver is responsible for any tools and equipment left on or in the vehicle when taken home. The driver will be held liable should these be stolen from a vehicle not kept in a lockable garage. Where vehicles are not kept in a locked garage, loose equipment must be securely locked away in the house.The driver/employee must take possible and practical precautions for the safeguarding of the company or client property in the company vehicle when he or she temporally absents himself/herself from the vehicle. The non-observance of this directive will render the driver/employee liable for any loss to the company or clients To eliminate the possibility of the theft or loss of company or client assets, while a vehicle is being serviced or repaired; all such items must be removed BEFORE the vehicle is delivered to the relevant supervisor of external service provider. If the vehicles are left at the service provider with such items still in the vehicle, the driver will be held responsible for any subsequent loss in this regard.

SECTION 6: GARAGING AND PARKING OF COMPANY VEHICLE OVER NIGHT.

Vehicles shall be parked or garaged at designated company premises or client’s authorized packing in case rented cars.Under no circumstances should company vehicles be parked outside the designated premises without the relevant supervisor’s authorization.

6.1 STREET PARKING

All drivers must ensure that all packing tickets on the streets are paid. Failure to comply the driver is NOT exempted from the payment of the necessary fees

6.2 SECURITY

Whenever a company vehicle is garaged or parked, every precaution shall be taken to safeguard it against damages, theft or irregular use.The hand brake shall be applied and if the vehicle is parked on a slope, the front wheels shall be turned towards the curb. In addition, where such vehicle has a manual transmission, either the low or the reverse gear shall be engaged and in the case of an automatic transmission, the shifting lever shall be places in “P” (parking) position.The windows shall be closedThe ignition key shall be removed, the gear lock, doors and luggage compartment locked and keys kept in safe custody.If the vehicle is parked in a lockable garage, the doors of the garage shall also be locked

SECTION 7: SUSPENSION OF EMPLOYEES FROM DRIVING OF COMPANY VEHICLE.

In the event of a company vehicle being or having been subjected to flagrant misuse or irregular use, or the vehicle is being maliciously damaged by the driver or Where evidence exists that a driver is or was guilty of recklessness or negligent conduct whilst driving a company vehicle or such a vehicle was involved in an accident whilst so driven or Where a driver of a company vehicle has been found guilty of driving such a vehicle;Under the influence of intoxicating liquor or narcotics or whilst the concentration of alcohol in his or her blood was more than as required by traffic laws, such a driver shall be suspended immediately from driving company vehicles until such time as a disciplinary action has been concluded.In the event of a driver developing any disease or disability which will render him/her incapable of effectively controlling a vehicle and subject to a report from health unit, he/she will be suspended temporarily or permanently from driving a company vehicle.

SECTION 8: MECHANICAL APPRECIATION

While a company vehicle is in operation, the driver shall regularly check the warning lights, indicators and gauges. Immediate action must be taken should any of the above be noticed to prevent damage or further damage to the vehicle or its components.Where there is an indication of excessive engine heat or lack of oil pressure, the engine shall be switched off immediately and the vehicle not driven further under its own power until the matter has been rectified.The “revving” up of engines is detrimental, especially at the cold starting – up stage. Until normal operating temperatures are achieved, high speed engine operation must be avoided.Where a vehicle is subjected to extended periods of waiting in dense traffic, the neutral gear position must be selected and the hand brake applied, in order to avoid unnecessary wear on the clutch components Traveling with a foot on the clutch pedal must be avoided, as this causes premature failure of the clutch assembly and release bearing.A smooth balance must be maintained between the clutch and accelerator pedal to avoid damage to the vehicle’s drive train.Diesel engine fitted with turbo charger must be allowed to idle for two minutes before switching off. This waiting period allow the turbine to slow down with sufficient lubrication.Break air tank fitted to heavy vehicle must be drained daily.

SECTION 9: GOVERNOR.

Where a governor is fitted to any company vehicle it is there for that specific purpose of providing protection against over speeding/ overloading/ abuse of mechanical system. Governors are not to be tempered with.Where heavy vehicles use lower gear ratio to negotiate down grades, progressive foot brakes action must also be used, since the governor will not be able to keep control of engine speed. Diesel engine can be effectively used as Brake, provided that the engine speed is kept below its rated governed r.p.m.

SECTION 10: SPEEDOMETERS, ODOMETERS, AND HOUR METERS:

It is important that odometers and hour meters always reflect true elapsed distance and time. Any defect in speedometer, odometer, and hour meter should be rectified as soon as possible.No person shall disconnect the speedometer of a company vehicle. Where speedometer is fitted in a vehicle the traffic and road safety act requires it to be in good working condition.Speedometer and hour meters should not be tempered with.

SECTION 11: CARE OF TYRES11.1 TYRE PRESSURE

.Drivers are to ensure the inflation of tyre is in accordance with the pressures recommended by the manufacturer of the vehicle tires. Incorrect inflation, particularly under inflation is the greatest single factor contributing to undue wear, overheating and premature failure of tires. Any deviation from the specific pressures will have adverse effects on steering, braking, road holding and safety.

11.2 PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES.

Checking and correction of tire pressure should be performed regularly.Scuffing and running over projections should be avoided.Mechanical defect that cause uneven tyre wear should be rectified immediately.Regular inspection should be held on tread wear, cuts, bruises and stone wedged between dual wheels.Tread dept across the entire breadth of a tread and the circumference of the tyre must not be allowed to be less than 1mm.A tyre that does not meet this requirement must be replaced immediately.Dust cap on tyre must be replaced.Sudden or fierce breaking, acceleration and fast cornering must be avoided.Dumping sites are always littered with sharp object which can cause puncture problem. Special care must be taken when approaching duping site and after passing an inspection of the tyre must be done to ensure that any foreign object on the tyre is removed.Removal of foreign object imbedded in the tyre might cause deflation therefore must be reported to the transport officer.The negligent treatment of tyres should be avoided as any tyre damage caused through negligence will be paid for on the account of the driver Incidents of tyre failures must be reported monthly to the office for necessary action.Wheel nuts must be checked on daily basis to ensure they are tight and safely fitted.

SECTION 12: OIL AND FUEL

12.1 SUPPLY

Where drivers in charge of company vehicle require fuel and /or oil, they shall obtain supplies from the nearest designated supply point. Drivers are to ensure that the fleet number, odometer reading and quantity of fuel supplied are entered correctly on the appropriate forms. Tanks are to be filled to constant level.The driver is responsible for checking the entire engine oil and water on every occasion that the vehicle is refueled. If the vehicle doesn’t require any oil, the driver must note it down as this will act as confirmation that oil level has been checked.

12.2: FUEL SAVING:

The company fuel control system traces every vehicle fuel consumption in liters consumed per every 100 km. Personal concern for the consumption obtained over specific distances or periods keeps interest alive and is an incentive towards obtaining better result. Abnormal increase in consumption indicates losses such as those caused by careless driving, theft, leakage, mechanical defect, or errors in recording at fuels dispensing point.Incident identified in the above must be reported to management on weekly basis.The officer in charge will coordinate the information received and submit to the Director Operations for necessary cause of action.Wastage due to over filling of tanks must be avoided.Vehicles must be driven in the gear ratio appropriate to the road condition.Acceleration and breaking must be executed smoothly and gently. The most uneconomical use of fuel occurs during acceleration and with the engine idling in a stationary vehicle.Any smell of fuel must be investigated immediately, especially if noticed while vehicle is in motion. Besides causing wastage, petrol leakage is highly dangerous.The driver should not allow the engine of any vehicle or machine to run unnecessarily.

12.3 FUEL IN SEPARATE CONTAINER

Transporting of fuel in separate container is restricted and a special permission needs to be sought if it cannot be avoided.

SECTION 13: MENTAINING THE APPEARANCE OF COMPANY VEHICLES:

Every driver must keep his or her car in a clean and hygienic condition. The littering of vehicle interior with papers, bottles etc are not allowed.Only cleaning materials and disinfectants that are compatible with automotive finishes may be used. Any advice on this subject can be obtained from the relevant technical person concerned.Driver can make use of designated areas provided by the company to wash and clean vehicles from time to time.

SECTION 14, SERVICING AND REPAIR OF COMPANY VEHICLES.

All motor vehicles shall be serviced and repaired in accordance with the procedures laid by the management and the relevant service providers.Drivers in charge shall be responsible to ensure that the service arrangement is strictly adhered to.Failure to comply will result in recovery of all cost as a result of damages from the driver or the designated person in charge.

14.1 Timely Servicing Arrangement.

When a vehicle needs to be serviced, the vehicle user will receive advance notification and then arrangement for the vehicle to be taken to the service provider will be made in accordance with the time and Day stipulated.Whenever possible and necessary a replacement unit will be provided. However, servicing is not to be delayed due to none availability of a substitute vehicle.

14.5 Adjustment and Repairs

When handing the vehicle over for repair or servicing, the driver in charge of vehicle shall report to service provider any adjustment or repairs that he or she considers necessary. A brief description of repair required should be recorded in the vehicle log book which must accompany the vehicle to the designated garage/ service provider.

SECTION 15: BREAK DOWN PROCEDURES:

In the event of a breakdown, all cares should be taken that the vehicle and its load are in safest position possible and that warning triangles be placed at an distance of 45 meters in line with the centre of vehicle and in the direction of approach. If the break down results in a traffic hazard assistance must be requested from any authority as soon as possible.In the event of a break down involving suspected brake failure, THE VEHICLE MUST REMAIN STATIONARY, to be moved only by the breakdown crew.Break down during normal working hours must be reported to the management and at any other time it must be reported to the line supervisor concerned.In order to guide the breakdown crew the choice of equipment best suited for the speedy repair/ recovery of the unit, the following information should be provided;· Names of driver and business unit he/ she are attached to.· Vehicle registration number or fleet number.· Exact location where vehicle is broken down.· Possible causes of breakdown.· Evidence of leaks(oil, water, hydraulic fluid, air etc)· Where the fault is located e.g. rear, front, side.· Whether the vehicle is bogged down.Breakdown outside normal working hours should be reported to the technician with immediate effect.

SECTION 16: ROAD WORTHINESS OF VEHICLE.

Every driver of a vehicle must at all times ensure that the vehicle is in a road worthy condition, failure of which he/she will be responsible for the payment of any traffic fines.Should any of the following items be found to be defective, the driver may not drive the vehicle without reporting such items in writing to the supervisor or management and await for further instructions: Lights, brakes, wheel nuts secured, tyre wear and condition, spare wheel condition, speedometer, windscreen wipers, steering, rear view mirrors, hooter, reflectors, emergency warning triangle, number plates Any defects discovered, must be reported immediately to the supervisor or fleet manager, for the necessary attention.The last user of a vehicle will be held responsible for any unreported damages/defects/loss. The onus is therefore on each driver to thoroughly inspect a vehicle prior to acceptance.Basic maintenance/safety checks (pre-drive checks) as prescribed must be carried out daily.

SECTION 17: LOAD ON VEHICLE.

The load on any vehicle must not exceed the load recommended by the manufacturers of the vehicle. Apart from straining the vehicle the excessive load increases the risk of accident, wear and tear. This endangers the life of occupant and other road users.Due attention must be given to correct distribution of load over the vehicle’s axles.All loads must be firmly secured in a manner that will prevent the load from moving while the vehicle is on mobile.Loose tools, equipment or goods must be position in a manner that will prevent them from moving forward in the event of emergency braking.Drivers must not allow any loose stuff to spill over or be blown off as this can endanger the life of other road user.When transporting personnel, driver must ensure vehicle is stationery while passengers climb on or off.All persons are to be seated before the vehicle move. Passengers must be allowed to only embark or dis–embark at safe stopping places.All passengers must buckle up before the vehicle start moving and only remove seat belt when it is safely parked.Driver must not move the vehicle until all passengers on board are safely seated.Driver must have some signal arrangement with the passengers.

SECTION 18: DUTIES OF A DRIVER IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT:

18.1 DAMAGES AS A RESULT OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENT.

The driver of any vehicle involved in or contributing to any accident in which any other person is killed or injured or that causes damage in respect of property or animal shall take the following actions:-· Immediately stop the vehicle.· Ascertain the nature and extent of any injury sustained by any person.· If a person is injured, render such assistance to the injured person as he/she may be capable of rendering.· If a person is injured call ambulance and traffic police.· If any person is injured or killed the vehicle shall not be moved from the position in which it came to rest, until such removal is authorized by a police officer. If the vehicle is causing a complete obstruction, its position should be marked before the vehicle may be moved to a safe area.· If there are no injuries at the scene of the accident the perimeter of the involved may be marked, after which they may move to a safe area.· Do not accept any liability. Under no circumstances shall a company official admit liability or make any statement to any person.· State only what happened to the police. A brief account of what happened is all that is required. DO NOT SIGN ANY STATEMENT.· Do not take any intoxicating liquor or drug unless administered by a doctor.· Should the driver of the other vehicle be suspected of being under the influence of intoxicating liquor or drugs, this fact should be brought to the notice the attending police officer.· Record the name and address of the other driver, his/her vehicle registration number, the name of the owner vehicle, and the vehicle’s insurance company.· Record name, address, of any independent witness, including the occupants of the other vehicle involve in the accident.· Supply your name and address to the person having grounds for requesting such information.· Record the nature and extent of the damage to all the vehicles involved in the accident and enter this on a motor insurance claim form.· Inform the designated officer in charge.· The drivers license or copy of which must be produced to the police within 48 hrs.· Every effort should be put to ensure safety of passenger and their properties precaution against errant public should be taken as and when necessary.· Complete a motor insurance claim form as soon as possible.

18.2: COMPLETION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE CLAIM FORM.

The company motor insurance claim form is the official document issued by the insurers. Detail of all incidents or accidents involving company vehicle must be recorded and reported.The driver of a company vehicle must ensure that a vehicle insurance claim form is completed immediately should any of the following events occur:Any accident, theft or hijacking involving a company vehicle Any loss or theft of vehicle accessories, including batteries, spare wheels, etc Any damage to a company vehicle, even though such damage cannot be related to specific known accident Any incident involving damage to private or public property, irrespective of whether or not any damage occurred to the company vehicle The driver of a company vehicle must ensure that all sections of the vehicle insurance claim form are completed in full and particular attention should be given to the following:- Date, time and place of accident- Full description of how the accident occurred- Names and addresses of persons injured- Sketch plan of accident- Name and address of driver- Name and address of owner- Registration number(s)- Make of vehicle(s)- Description of damage- Expiry date of vehicle’s licenses- Expiry dates of motor vehicles insurance.The driver of the Wilderness Africa Safaris vehicle must ensure that the completed motor insurance claim form is signed dated and submitted to the management or head of section in 48 hrs of the accident.

18.3 INSURANCE OF COMPANY VEHICLES

:Wilderness Africa Safaris provides comprehensive cover from its own insurance fund, with which it administers legitimate claims arising from accident involving the company vehicles and equipment. Suitably licensed company employees driving company vehicle are covered to the following extent:Wilderness Africa Safaris will provide all risk cover of loss or damage for its vehicles, as described and provided for in the insurance policy cover issued and agreed upon by management and its insurer. Coverage is not included for the loss of or damage to any unauthorized items.The company will provide third party liability covering the driver and any driver’s liability arising out of the use of vehicle.Company will endeavor to provide workman’s compensation to take care of her Employees’ while on duty as provided for by law of Uganda.

18.4 NON COMPANY EMPLOYEE.

The comprehensive vehicle insurance provides cover for any company’s vehicle driven by a person qualified to do so and not in the employment of the company, if such action relates to the maintenance or repair of the vehicle involved.The cover also provides for passengers and their properties on board upon fulfilling the claim procedures laid down by the insurers.Passengers are advised to cooperate with the company’s staff to ensure that all insurance claim formalities are correctly done.Company will undertake to get the best insurance cover available on the market at any given time. The extent of the cover obtain shall be communicated to clients on long term vehicle rental contract so as to enable them outsource further cover if they so deem it necessary.

18.5 FORFEITURE OF COVER BY A DRIVER.

The cover and arrangements mentioned above will not apply as far as the driver of company vehicle is concerned in cases where:He/she was under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a drug with a narcotic effect; or The concentration of alcohol in his/her blood was more than the required by the traffic regulations.The vehicle is/was used without authority for other purpose NOT officially authorized purposes He/she has driven a vehicle without having been properly authorized thereto; or He allows or has allowed the vehicle to be driven by a person not authorized there to In the event of any one of the clauses mentioned above being applicable, the driver will be liable for all claims and liabilities

18.6 EXCLUSION OF THIRD PARTY

In terms of the Road accident fund, passengers transported in company vehicle without authority shall NOT BE COVERED

SECTION 19: SAFE DRIVIING

19.1 TRAFFIC REGULATIONS

Traffic fines arising from neglect on the part of the driver will not be paid by the company. The driver will be held personally responsible and will not receive any financial assistance from the company.

19.2 SPEED LIMITS.

Apart from the necessity of observing the speed limits laid down by the government and local authorities, company vehicles must not be driven at speeds that my endanger the lives of occupants and other road users. Speed must be adjusted to suit weather conditions, road conditions and the particular type of vehicle being used.The recommended speed limit is thus not exceeding 100km/hr on a clear highway.

19.3 EMERGENCY VEHICLE.

Law enforcement and emergency vehicles may only exceed the speed limits when it is essential to do so. In an emergency the appropriate alarms, warning devices and warning signals must be used. Extreme caution must be exercised by drivers of emergency vehicles.

19.4 RULES OF THE ROAD.

All drivers of company vehicles must strictly adhere to the rules of the road. Some of the more important guidelines in this regard are as follows:- Maintain a thorough knowledge of traffic regulations and signs applicable to streets, main roads, through roads, etc.- Overtake or pass other traffic only when the road is clear and safe- Always use safety belts- Stop or park off the road surface only where it is safe to do so- Do not communicate on any hand held communication devises while driving a vehicle.

19.5 NIGHT DRIVING CORRECT USE OF VEHICLE LAMPS.

According to the road safety act, it requires that vehicle lights be operational at any time from sunset to sunrise and at any other time when, due to insufficient light or unfavorable weather conditions, persons and vehicles that may be on a public road would not be clearly visible at a distance of 150m ahead.During the above mentioned periods and/or the conditions stated, minimum mandatory lighting requirements for various modes of vehicle operation apply as follows:

MOVING ON PUBLIC ROAD- Head lamps on main beam or on dipped beam as necessary- Rear lamps visible from a distance of at least 150m- Registration plate land to render every letter and figure on the registration plate clearly visible from a distance of at least 20m

COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT OF THIS POLICY

Drivers and users of Wilderness Africa Safaris’ vehicles are strictly advised to comply and enforce this policy at all times as failure to observe the provision of the same will lead serious disciplinary actions and or prosecution.In event of special conditions as may be required during emergency operation by clients, they are advised to communicate to the company prior to engaging in such operations so that the correctly trained personnel and Equipment is deployed to undertake such assignment.